Edfu, Egypt

Edfu is the administrative center of the second nom in Upper Egypt and is located in the southern part of Upper Egypt. This small dusty town is the regional center of the sugar cane trade. 
The Egyptians called Edfu Djeb, and the Greeks and Romans called Apolinopolis Magna. What is worth seeing is the Temple of Horus at Edfu - one of the most remarkable of the monuments between Luxor and Aswan, the most complete of its kind. The Greco-Romans contributed to its construction, but the principles of ancient Egyptian architecture have not been trampled.
A visit to the Temple of Horus at Edfu would give the clearest idea of ​​what an Egyptian temple looked like in its original form. 
By the middle of the 19th century, the Temple of Horus at Edfu was almost engulfed in sand and part of Edfu was located on its ceiling. In the 1860s, the founder of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo began the archeological excavations of the Temple of Horus at Edfu, and today it has been discovered, and the village itself pushed back, with adobe houses occupying the enclosing walls. It is good to start the walk in the Temple of Horus at Edfu from the magnificent entrance pylon, which was built by Cleopatra's father - Ptolemy XII. Two statues of the god Horus in the form of a falcon adorn the entrance. According to Egyptian mythology, Horus was the son of Isis and Osiris.
Osiris is believed to have been killed by his brother Seth, the god of chaos and war. Referring again to mythology, the ancient Egyptians believed that it was in Edfu that Horus avenged his father by defeating and killing Seth in battle. Much of the temple's relief is filled with drawings of this battle, with Seth depicted as a miniature hippopotamus. 
Next is the courtyard, where the colossal black granite statue of the falcon god Horus with a royal crown on his head was erected. The core of the Temple of Horus at Edfu is the altar of the god Horus - sculpted by gray granites, from which stairs lead to the so-called New Year's chapel.
It is obligatory to visit the small chapel, which is connected with the divine origin and where every year a scene with the birth of the god Horus takes place. 
For the temple at Edfu is a summary of the Egyptian religion because of the reliefs and inscriptions that cover its walls. The temple is a story about the battles between Horus and Seth, about daily cult rites and ceremonies held during the four major annual festivals, as well as a story about the birth of Horus. It is a treasure trove of lists of nomes, plant and mineral products from neighboring areas, as well as recipes for incense and ointments.
Therefore, Egyptologists believe that Edfu probably played an important role in the ancient and mythical history of Egypt. Edfu was the guardian of the Elephantine Gate during the Old Kingdom. 
It surpassed Coptos and Thebes in importance during the first transitional period under the rule of the monarch Ankhtifi. They, in turn, ally to defeat him as a rival. The city owes its wealth to its highway location on a road that leads through the Arabian desert to the Red Sea.