Troglodyte cities, Spain

The limestone areas of the eastern part of the province of Granada are one of the earliest inhabited areas in Europe, inhabited more than millions of years ago. They became the home of the troglodytes or cave dwellers who live there to this day, who are the local population of the so-called Troglodyte cities. Despite the fact that anyone would call them primitive, judging by the appearance of the homes, these people do not live in isolation and know how to take full advantage of the wonders of modern life, and this is evident from the protruding television antennas, satellites, and even alarms.
One of these Troglodyte cities is Guadix. The city occupies part of a plateau among the northern slopes of the Sierra Nevada. Guadix is ​​an episcopal monastery from ancient times, and its cathedral, built between the 16th and 18th centuries on the site of a mosque, combines three architectural styles - Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque.
The Diocese of Guadix includes most of the province of Granada and part of the province of Almeria. Today only ruins remain of the Moorish castle on its lands. Against the background of its greatness, quite a few buildings from the XVI-XVII centuries stand out. 
The most impressive of the entire city is the Ermita Nueva cave area, located behind the whitewashed Santiago Church. More than half of the city's population lives there, and life there cannot be called primitive in any way.
The Guadix were in the past celebrated for their tableware, while their modern successors, chiefly earthenware, hempen wares, and hats, have been neglected. The Museo de Alfareria was built precisely in honor of pottery, and typical of the city, it is housed in a renovated cave building. 
On the Plaza del Padre Poveda, you can see the Cueva Museo - a magnificent complete reconstruction of a traditional cave house, including furniture, antiques and farm implements.
Despite the fact that the word caveman carries to other dimensions and evokes ugly associations, what Guadix tells and emits definitely attracts and impresses. Four thousand caves, carved and shaped into strange shapes over the centuries, today form the province with the largest concentration of inhabited caves in Europe. In Guadix, modern and new are not foreign, and people are open to the world. Guadix itself is an eclectic mix of old and new.
6 km to the west is another Troglodyte town, whose whitewashed chimneys of cave houses dot the landscape – this is Puruliena. Bassa is located 44 km northeast of Guadix. Among the city's sights are the crumbling 10th-century Arab baths of Alcazaba, which are the oldest in Spain, and the magnificent 16th-century church of Santa María de la Encarnación.
Creating conflicting feelings and opinions just because of the name and population, Troglodyte cities are not what one thinks. Scattered and brightening the landscape of Granada, these towns are quite sought after by foreigners.